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G. MORFIT. CONDENSER FOR STILLS.

No. 66,243. Patented July 2, 1867.

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Quinn tetra gaunt {firs CLARENCE MORFIT, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

'Letters Patent No. 66,243, dated July 2, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN GONDENSERS ,I'OB' STILLS.

TOWHQM IT MAY GONOERN:

' Be it known that I, CLARENCE MORFIT, of the city and county ofBaltimore, and State of Maryland, have invented an Improved-Condenserand I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,making part of this specification, in which- Figure I is a top view ofthe condenser detached from a still. 7

Figure 2 is a longitudinal centralsection taken in a vertical planethrough the condenser.

Figure3 is an elevation of one side of the same.

Figure 4 is a vertical transverse'section.

Figure 5 is a perspective view. 7

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the severalfigures.

The nature of my invention consists irdthe application to a horizontalchamber adapted for the condensation of the vapors of oils, liquids,alcohol, and other substances vaporized in a still, of two series oiconduits so arranged that by one series communications can be made atpleasure between any one or all of the chambers of the condenser withthe still, and by the other series communications can be made betweenany one or all of the chambers of the condenser and a receiver, therebyadmitting of'the products of distillation, having different boilihgpoints, being drawn back into the still for redistillation or separatedand carried off to a receiver, as though they were subjected'to distinctdistillation for thaLpnrpose, as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the artto understand my invention, I willdescribe its construction and operation.

A In the'accompanying drawings, A represents acondenser, which may bemade of any convenient form and capacity, and constructed of any metalor other suitable material. B B are diaphragms or subdivisions arrangedin vertical planes at proper distances apart, and constructed of metal,mineral, fibrous material or,materials, separately or in combination.Every alternate division B, beginning at the one nearest the still orinlet pipe A, has an opening, 0, through it at the bottom, and theintervening partitions have openings at the top, as shown in thesectional view, fig. 2, so that vapors flowing from the still will bebrought in contact with all the walls of the first compartment, and theuncondensed portion pass down through the bottom aperture into thesecond compartment, and soon, the vapors pass alternately under and overthe severaLdivisions until the distillate is finally delivered at thepoint desired. From one side of the condenser branch pipes E proceed andcommunicate with along pipe, G, which leads back to the still. Thebranch pipes E are provided with valves or cocks E, which, wheuopened,will allow liquid from any one or all of the chambers in the condenserto be carried back and delivered into the still. On the opposite side ofthe condenser branch pipes D, which are provided with valves or cocks D,form communications between the several chambers of this condenser and apipe, F, which may lead oil to a suitable receiver. By means of thislatter arrangement the liquids from any one or all of the chambers canbecarried oil and separated. The condenser issurround ed with a vessel,which can be used solely for refrigeration by cold water, or it may befilled with water, oil, or anything else used for the purpose of forminga bath, so that all the more volatile distillates are allowed to over,and those condensing below the temperature of the bath returned to thestill or drawn oil at pleasure. The bath can then be emptied and filledwith water to be used for condensing in theordinary way, thus affordingthe advantage of continuing the distillation until the still is emptiedof its charge or contents. In distilling alcohol or whisky the chambersnearest the still contain distillates' of the lowest proof. As adoubler, the apparatus is used in series. and the first condensenleftsurrounded with hot water, so that-thc-heat'of the vapors in passingthrough it will carry forward the greater part of the liquor firstcondensed, thus securing a rectification of the first distillates, whichwill give alcohol and liquors of higher proof. In distilling petroleum,the condenser is first surrounded by water, which is allowedto becomewarm by the heat of the condensing light oils until it reaches thetemperature of 212 Fahrenheit, after which the water is cooled andrefrigeration kept up in the usual manner, thereby permitting thecomplete separation of those highly volatile oils which make thepetroleum illuminating oils so dangerous; or the apparatus may be usedin series, and thowater surrounding the first con-- 7 denser kept warmall the time, and the lighter oils condensed and separzptcd inthe othercondensers in the series which are cooled. In this case all thedistillatcs having a boiling point abovc 212 Fahrenheit would condensein the first condenser and the more volatile would be carried forwardDuring these several processes the least volatile vapors, or those ofiiis'tillates having the highest boiling points condensing first andfalling into the several compartments, can be drarvninto receivers orrun back into the still.

It will be seen that my condensers can be used either singly or inseries, and in series they at once become a substitute for the doublerand worm? used in ordinary distillation. If it is found necessary toincrease the condensing surface it may be increased indefinitely bythe'interposition of tubes arranged in the condenser in any suitablemanner without interfering with the operation above described. A vacuumin the condenser may be prevented by the application of properlyconstructed valves in the top atH H. I am aware that inscveral'epparatus in use for distillation vertical chambers are usedcontaining divisions or apartments with eomrnnnicatione between theseveral apartments, and that'in'such arrangements the apartmentscommuuicnte .with a vertical pipe by means of branch pipes having cocksapplied-to them. In' none of these condensers are means employed bywhich ,the clistillet esean"be separated and the same time revaporizedcr drawn 011' or run back into the still at pleasure, as I havedescribed.-

i What I claim, is-

A condenser, which is adapted for use in coujunctihnwith a still, andwhich is divided into a number of.

ehambers communicating with each other and provided with" two series ofpipes or conduits so arranged as to admit of the separation andrevap'orization of the disti'llntes and thcirreturn to the still,substantially as described,

CLARENCE MORFIT.

Witnesses Hnunr H. LEWIS, Wm. HAMILTON.

